Ckitstav beuthe



G; REUTHE. ANTENNA ARRANGEMENT FOR WIRELESS SIGNALING OR THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 25. I916.

Patented Aug. 26, 1919.

GUSTAV REU'IHE, OF SAYVILLE, NEW YORK.

ANTENNA ARRANGEMENT FOR WIRELESS SIGNALING OR THE LIKE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 26, 1919.

Application filed May 25, 1916. Serial No. 99,792.

' To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GUSTAV REUTHE, a subject of the German Emperor, residing at Sayville, Long Island, New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Antennae Arrangements for Wireless Signalin or the like, of which the following is a ull and clear specification.

In antennae for radiatin electric oscillations, which are connected inductively or conduc'tively with a primary circuit of any kind, the potential node may be located at any point of the antenna between its upper an lower end, depending upon the manner in which the capacity and inductance is distributed. 'I have found that it is of particular advantage to place the potential node of such antenna within that portion of it which is used for coupling. By this expedient above all the advantage is obtained, that between the antenna portion used for coupling and the primary circuit, or also between the primary circuit; and ground, only comparatively low potentials exist. Therefore all insulations which may be necessary at such portions of the oscillation circuits ma be made much lighter. Also protective d quired at such points in this kind 0 antenna can'be entirely dispensed with.

The control of the location of the potential'node may also be of great advantage in case'measuring instruments, signaling keys,

' wound on an iron core.'

windings the distance between the iron core switches, spark gaps, or any other apparatus are used in the antenna circuit or adjacent circuits for which a potential against ground is highly undesirable.

This expedient of suitably placing the potential node is important not only for the normal operation of a radio station but also I in case nearb .atmospheric discharges set up natural osci atlons 1n. the antenna. who

may be of very great amplitude.

The artificial control of the potential node in an antenna is however of particular value in case so-called frequency 'chan ers are used such as are, for instance, descri ed and illustrated in the patent to Arco-Meiss-- ner, Patent Number 1,181,556, atented May 2 1916. In an a paratus of t is character, the portion of e antenna which is used for coupling with the fre uency changer is oreover in such nd the winding must be made as short as evices which are frequentl re-- possible so as to avoid eddy currentsin the iron core which may otherwise be produced by stray fields. Thus in such instance the danger of flash-overs from the winding to the iron core in case of unduly high potentials is particularly great. In such case also the primary winding of the apparatus and thedrest of the station may easily be dam: age

The conditions which afford the placing of the potential node into a certain point A of an antenna are that for both portions into which the antenna is divided by this point A, the product of the efi'ective capacity and the eflective self-induction which controls the oscillations at the time must have the same value and must be equal to the product of the' total effective capacity and self-induction of the entire radiation circuit. This condition can always be fulfilled. b suitably distributing condensers and sel induction coils over the whole antenna.

simultaneously on both sides of the potential node.

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated three modifications showing how my invention may be reduced to practice.

Of course these modifications are only typical, of the manner in which I propose to control the location of the potential node without limiting myself to 'the particular :forms shown. In these drawings Fi ure 1 shows the control of the potential no e in an antenna connected at its lower end to the counter-poise. Fig. 2 shows the control of the potential node in an antennaconnected at its lower end to-ground; and

Fig. 3 shows how two potential nodes may he produced in an antenna if desired.

Referring now to Fig. 1, 1 is an antenna, 2 a coupling coil for couplin the antenna with any sultable primary osci lation circuit 3. 4 is the counter-poise and 5 and 6 are two variable inductance'coils, one on each side of the coupling coil 2. It may be desirable to have the potential node of the antenna located at the point A. The sum of the self-inductances 5 and 6 is given by the required wave length. Now by suitably varying the inductances 5 and 6 relatively to each other, it is always possible to locate the potential node of the antenna at the point A. 4

Referring to Fig. 2, 1 is the antenna, 2 a coupling coil which in this case may be conductively coupled with a suitable primary circuit 3. In this modification the lower end' of the antenna is directly connected to 1 ground. It is again desired to place the potential node into the point A ofcoupling coil 2. For this purpose the inductance coils checking up the correct locatlon, after the spark gap 9 of suitable size between point A p changer located therein and means for point has been determined, is to place a and the ground as shown in Fig. 2. The ele- 1 ments 5, ,6 and 7 are varied until the spark .node in the antenna.

at gap 9 disappears. Of course any equivalent means for determining whether a potential exists between point A and the ground may be substituted for the spark {lnder certain circumstances it may be of advantagetohave more than one potential While one of these nodes may be located in the coupling coils,

the other may be located in anotherv apparatus contained in the radiation circuit. This modification is shown in Fig. 3. r In this figure again 1 is the antenna, 4 the counter poise, and 10 the frequency changer of the character referred to above. 11 is an' ammeter. It is now desired to have one of potential nodes located'in the secondary of the changer 10 as at A and the other node I 8 and 12 are suitably dimensioned so that, the potential nodes are located at the points desired. It is of course obvious that for each given case the values of the condenser.

and inductances which determine the locationof the node and of the wave length may be predetermined from the beginning without limiting the scope of my invention. Also it is obvious that in cases where only limited adjustments are required only one or the other of these elements (condensers or in ductances) may be made variable.

I claim:

1. The combination in a wireless signaling system of an antenna circuit, a'frequency said circuit into said frequency changer comprising a plurality of inductances and a capacity distributed over said circuit and proportioned relatively to. each other substantially as described.

2. The combination in a wireless signaling' system of an antenna circuit, an output circuit of a frequency changer connected therein and a plurality of inductances and a capacity distributed over said circuit and adapted for adjustment to different oscillatory frequencies to locate potential nodes at predetermined points in said antenna circuit.

GUSTAV REUTH-E. 

